Ok, so I decided to make this thread after being stuck on this one dude for 15 minutes. This should really be looked into by someone, because to me at least, this part was super unclear.
1. You must fight the protector, even though the runner vision directs you to run past him. (If you don't, you automatically fail)
2. You must use the dodge move when fighting him. If you beat him without using it, you automatically fail.
3. The dodge doesn't actually have to be successful, you just have to use it. I got hit, and it still registered it as having completed the objective.
4. Don't beat him until after the objective switches to "Defeat Protector." Then just hit him till he drops.